APPLICATION OF STEEL CONNECTION (SC1) MODUL

Verification of steel connection	The SC1 module is suited for examination of steel connection. The steel connections have to be in accordance with standard requirements. The component method of standard is applied in the module, it means that the resistance of a joint should be determined on the basis of the resistances of its basic components.
Standards	The following standards are used in the module to verify the steel connection: EN 1993-1-1 (2005): Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1993-1-8 (2012): Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-8: Design of joints Furthermore the standards referred to in these standards.

a) Column – Beam (semi-rigid)	b) Column – Beam (nominally pinned)	c) Girder – beam (semi-rigid)
d) Girder – Beam (nominally pinned)	e) Beam – Beam (Endplate)	f) Beam – Column (Endplate)
g) Beam splice	h) Column-Base	i) Pipe splice
j) Gusset plate (single truss)	k) Tube node	l) Girder-beam rigid connection
m) Knee welded connection	☞ The limitations and the scope of module are detailed by each type of joints (2. Type of joints).

Detailed report

In the Note calculate menu the type of the report can be selected, as HTML or AXISVM.

Clicking on the Design calculations button, detailed report displays about the connection, regardless of the type of report:

The report contains the following:

View and section drawings about the connection and dimension lines
Geometric and material properties of the elements
Internal forces and moments at the node
Results (shown with highlighting: green = passed, red = failed)

In case of HTML report type an IconBar can be found at the top of the window, which contains the print preview and type of the exporter software (MS Word). The latter can be used for exporting.

The AxisVM report type means the same format as the original report in AxisVM program. The report of the designed connection can be added to the full AxisVM report. Note: if the type of the report is AxisVM, the report is not updated if something is changed in the model. Therefore save the report at the last step.

The steel connection management summarizes the designed connections. There is a possibility to delete connections. If something is changed in the model, the Ratio and the Status will be blank. The calculation can be easily done again by clicking the calculator icon. Double click on a row and the main window of the connection design appears.

The table contains the following:

Node – place of connection
Type, Category, Connection name
Created, modified
Ratio: Maximum utilization of the connection
Members: Connecting elements

The node associated with the selected line can be displayed with the binoculars icon.

	This type of joint is suitable for rectangular column-beam connection. The angle cannot be different from perpendicular. The place of connection (on the flange or web of the column) is automatically detected. There is a full pinned option, where the internal forces from the moments are neglected. Just axial and shear forces are transmitted. The applicable cross-sections: Column: I-, H- shapes, RHS (Box shape) Beam: I-, H-shapes
☞	*The rotational stiffness of connection and the value of Sj,ini are not determined.* *The moment resistance is not determined, but the internal forces from the bending moment are taken into account in the calculation.*
☞	*The program does not check the fin plate and the angle member for bending moment and shear force. The checking of the beam web panel in shear have to be carried out by the user.*
	Fin plate connection: Optional one-sided fin plate, welded or bolted connection. Moment from the eccentricity of the bolt/weld arrangement is taken into account.
	Double (angle) web cleats connection: Optional one angle web cleat, not necessary to use double angle. In both cases of column-angle and angle-beam connection the eccentricity is taken into account.
	Fin plate connection and flanges plates: There is an option to apply stiffener for column web, the parameter of the stiffener can be specified on a separate tab. The program divides the axial forces into three parts proportionally according to the areas of flanges and web.

Web cleat connection with flange plate: Specify the connection and the verifying of the connection are carried out in the same way as fin plate connection and flanges plates.

	The verifying is similar to column-beam semi-rigid connection. There is no option to connect the flanges directly to the girder. The default setting is a flush girder-beam connection, but it can be modified by changing the parameters.
	Fin plate connection: There is one- or double-sided fin plates option.
	Web (angle) cleat connection: There is one- or double web cleats option.
	Brace plate (stiffener) connection: Only one-sided plate can be used, which can be bolted or welded connection.

	This is a header plate connection, actually a short endplate is used. In case of semi-rigid connections there is a check box for nominally pinned connection where fin plate or web cleat is used.
☞	The program does not check the fin plate and the angle member for bending moment and shear force. The checking of the beam in shear have to be carried out by the user.

	This is a header plate connection, actually a short endplate is used. In case of semi-rigid connections there is a check box for nominally pinned connection where fin plate or web cleat is used.
☞	The program does not check the fin plate and the angle member for bending moment and shear force. The checking of the beam in shear has to be carried out by the user.

The column and the beam have to be selected to apply this type of connection. This type of connection is valid only for uniplanar connection. It is not suited for checking spatial connections. The checking procedure is the same as in EN 1993-1-8 is specified. The design moment resistance, rotational stiffness and rotational capacity are determined based on basic components of joints.

The applicable shapes: I-, H-shapes and variable I-shapes. Wedged I-shape defined in cross-section editor is not applicable. In the module there is an option to select and set haunched beam. There is no flange cleat, just haunched beam or stiffener plate.

In the main window the following settings can be set:

Type of joint: One-sided / Double-sided
Type of component: Bolted (Endplate) / Welded
Position of the connection on the column: Flange / Web
Reinforcement of web: Horizontal stiffener plate
Pitch/Inclination angle
Reinforcement of flange, on the top or bottom, on both side: Stiffener plate / Haunched beam

On various tab can be set the parameters of bolts, plates and etc. On the Bolts tab beyond basic properties of the bolts, specifications are found:

Number of bolt in tension in both cases of positive and negative moment
Head washer and nut washer

It is important to check the changes with Drawing or 3D View.

See… 1.3 Checking the design joint:

The checking procedure can be followed in the report. The moment resistance of the joint is determined according to Tables 6.1 and 6.2 of EN 1993-1-8. The directional method is used, the flange welds need to be designed to transmit part of axial, shear forces and bending moment. The web welds need to transmit part of shear force and bending moment. The rotational stiffness is determined based on Section 6.3 of EN 1993-1-8, it is detailed in report. More information about the report in Section 1.4.1 Detailed report are founded.

If an endplate is necessary for the joint, but the joint does not transmit moment, this kind of joint have to use.

The two connected beams have to be selected for the calculation. Based on the relevant components, the moment resistance is determined the same way as in column-beam endplate connection. If the axial force exceeds 5% of the design resistance N_pl,Rd, the resistance of the joint should be satisfied using interaction formulae. Only I-, H-shape can be used.

The following properties can be set:

Type of connection
- Bolted (Endplate)
- Welded
Pitch/Inclination angle
Reinforcement
- Stiffener plate
- Haunched beam

To set and verify the joint is the same as in case of column-beam endplate connection. The report contains the detailed calculation.

	The resistance of the connection should be satisfied for the internal forces. Both sides (beam left, beam right) of the connection have to be specified. Among others, the following properties can be set: One- or double sided plate With or without flange plates Inner bolted cover plates are available.
☞	The web plates in bending have to be checked by the user. Please check the report.

The column and the node have to be selected for column-base connection. On the node, a support must be defined, otherwise it is invalid. The column must be vertical, parallel to the z-axis.

The checking procedure and the resistance components are the same as required by standard EN 1993-1-8.

Applicable shapes:

I-, H-shape
Pipe and box shapes

The following properties can be set:

Base plate and wedge
Stiffeners
Anchorage
Welds
Foundation

Optional stiffeners:

Trapezoid plates – on direction Y-Y and Z-Z
Stiffeners – on perimeter (pipes and box shapes), Y-Y, and Z-Z directions

The type and properties of the anchorage can be set on the Anchorage tab.

The defined pad footing on the R.C. design tab is not imported to the Foundation. Parameters must be set manually on the Foundation tab.

The calculation method is the same as in CEDICT (http://www.cidect.org/design-guides/). The resistance of the joint is carried out based on a similar conception as the T-stub element analysis in EN 1993-1-8.

The following component resistances are taken into account (with internal force types in parentheses):

Bolt tension resistance (N)
Resistance of welds (N, V)
Member tension – compression resistance (N)
Member shear resistance (V)
Shear resistance per bolt (V)
Bearing resistance (V)
T-stub / Plate resistance (N):

CHS (pipe) member:

NT,Rd,1 – Complete yielding of the endplate
NT,Rd,2 – Bolt failure with yielding of the endplate
NT,Rd,3 – Bolt failure

RHS (box shape) member:

Complete yielding of the endplate – can be avoided by geometric requirements
NT,Rd,2 – Bolt failure with yielding of the endplate
NT,Rd,3 – Bolt failure

The selected pipes/boxes must have the same cross-section.

Geometrical requirements of
T-stub

Pipes (CHS)

p_min = 2.2d₀; p_max = min(14t_ep, 200 mm)
Number of bolts: n_min ≥ 4
Recommended:
- e₂ = 1.5d ~ 2.0d
- e₂ ≥ 1.2d₀
- e₃ ≥ 1.2d₀

Boxes (RHS)

Thickness of endplate: 12 mm ≤ t_ep ≤ 26 mm
3d₀ ≤ p ≤ 5d₀
p_min = 2.2d₀; p_max = min(14t_ep, 200 mm)
Number of bolts: n_min ≥ 4 and n ≤ (2h₁/p + 2)
Recommended:
- e₂ ≤ 1.25e₁
- e₂ ≥ 1.2d₀
- e₃ ≥ 1.2d₀

The geometrical arrangement has to be set by the user. The main element is the chord member of a truss or a column. In addition, a plate element can be set as the main element on the Main element tab.

By default, the connecting members are perpendicular to each other. It is important to check the geometry using Drawing and/or 3D Views.

Verifying of:

Welds
Bolts
Angle member – additional bolts group failure, tension member failure

Members involved in the connection should be selected with their common node. The program checks the local coordinate systems of members – Y local axes should be parallel.

Allowable cross-sections are: I, RHS, CHS, haunched I and double haunched I shapes.

Calculations are performed for both sides.

Standalone steel connection plugin is available in AxisVM program. It can be used independently. The previously detailed types of connections are available through this.

There is no need to be selected nodes and elements. The elements can be selected from cross-section library or from combo-box, which contains the already selected cross-section in the model. The shapes of the applicable cross-sections are limited according to the type of joint.

In the first step, elements and the geometry of the connection must be set. Press the Calculation button and the following dialog window appears:

The internal forces have to be added in this dialog window. Results cannot be imported from model file. On the left side, the current highlighted internal forces can be set. Press OK and the calculation is carried out for the highlighted case.

The plate-plate connection is available in standalone mode. Simply plate-to-plate bolted or welded connection can be verified. The plates may be perpendicular or parallel to each other. The setup and calculation method are the same as in previous connections.

How can we help you?

Application of Steel connection (SC1) modul #

In general about the module #

Configuration of the joint #

File menu #

Save #

Settings #

Exit #

Checking the design joint #

The procedure of calculation #

Detailed report #

Steel connection management #

Type of joints #

Column-beam semi-rigid connection #

Girder-beam semi-rigid connection #

Column-beam nominally pinned connection #

Girder-beam nominally pinned connection #

Column-beam endplate connection #

Beam-beam endplate connection #

Beam splice #

Column-base connection #

Pipe splicee connection #

Gusset plate (single truss) connection #

Tube node connection #

Girder-beam rigid connection #

Knee welded connection #

STANDALONE STEEL CONNECTION #

Plate-plate connection #

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